The twentieth century has been a great success for modern medicine, and has resulted in the generation of a plethora of drugs to treat most
common illnesses. However, in the light of increasing regulatory demands, spiralling costs and diminishing commercial returns, the question of how, when, where and whether to conduct pharmaceutical R&D has profound implications, and not just for those within the pharmaceutical industry. In response to these and other
dilemmas, the authors define the processes involved in drug research, and examine the
advantages and disadvantages of collaborative methods of drug research, and examine the roles that academia, CROs, small "biotechnology" companies and