To ensure access to
affordable medicines, particularly in developing countries, is one of the great challenges faced by the international community. At the 2001 Doha Ministerial Conference, the groundbreaking "Declaration on the Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement and Public Health" was adopted. In its aftermath, new legal instruments were developed both at WTO and EC level. While the focus at the WTO lay on how countries with insufficient or no manufacturing capacity
for pharmaceuticals could make effective use of compulsory licensing, the EC adopted a regulation to promote differential pricing for needed medicines. The authoress focuses on these